Module 1: Introduction to Biological Hazards

• Definition and types of biological hazards
• Sources of biological agents in workplaces
• Regulatory standards (OSHA, CDC, WHO, ISO 45001)

Module 2: Classification of Biological Hazards

• Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites
• Bloodborne pathogens and zoonotic diseases
• High-risk biological agents and biosafety levels (BSL 1–4)

Module 3: Routes of Exposure

• Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, and mucous membrane exposure
• Vector-borne transmission
• Risk factors in different workplace environments

Module 4: Health Effects of Biological Hazards

• Acute and chronic illnesses
• Symptoms and incubation periods
• Case studies of workplace infections

Module 5: Infection Control Principles

• Standard precautions and hygiene practices
• Hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette
• Isolation and containment measures

Module 6: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Gloves, masks, gowns, eye protection, and respirators
• Selection based on risk and task
• Proper donning, doffing, and maintenance

Module 7: Workplace Cleaning and Disinfection

• Cleaning vs. disinfecting vs. sterilization
• Use of approved disinfectants and cleaning agents
• Protocols for contaminated surfaces and equipment

Module 8: Waste Management of Biological Materials

• Segregation and labeling of biohazardous waste
• Safe storage, transport, and disposal
• Regulatory compliance for biological waste

Module 9: Vaccination and Immunization Programs

• Recommended vaccines for workplace exposure
• Maintaining vaccination records
• Employee education and compliance

Module 10: Spill and Exposure Response

• Immediate actions for spills of biological materials
• Decontamination procedures
• Incident reporting and medical follow-up

Module 11: Training and Awareness Programs

• Employee education on hazards and preventive measures
• Simulation exercises and drills
• Continuous refresher programs

Module 12: Continuous Improvement and Safety Culture

• Reviewing incidents and near misses
• Updating infection control policies and procedures
• Promoting a proactive culture of biological safety